欧盟“国际采购工具”立法推进——INTA通过立场文件

编者按：11月30日，欧洲议会国际贸易委员会（INTA）宣布通过对国际采购工具（International Procurement Instrument,简称IPI）的立场文件。国际采购工具旨在打开包括中国在内的国外公共采购市场，是欧方关键单边经贸政策之一。欧盟中国商会编译了INTA新闻发布，并附上英文原文全文，供广大会员和读者快速了解欧盟IPI立法有关进展。以下不代表欧盟中国商会立场。

欧洲议会国际贸易委员会通过了其在国际采购机制（IPI）草案上的立场文件，该草案旨在再平衡欧盟公司在欧盟外地区的投标机会。

The Trade Committee adopted its position on the draft international procurement instrument aimed at restoring the balance of opportunities for EU companies tendering outside the EU.

对来自不向欧盟公司提供类似准入国家的非欧盟企业，IPI草案将引入措施限制其参与欧盟公共采购招标。11月29日，INTA委员会以36票赞成、0票反对和6票弃权通过其立场文件，投票结果次日公布。据INTA通过的草案，IPI将授权欧委会以决定来自第三国企业是否，以及何种程度上需接受IPI措施。IPI目的是使保护式市场开放。

The proposed International Procurement Instrument (IPI) introduces measures limiting the access to open EU public procurement tenders of non-EU companies from countries that do not offer similar access to EU companies. According to the text approved on Monday by 36 in favor, no votes against and six abstentions and announced on Tuesday, the instrument would empower the Commission to determine whether and to what extent companies from a third country must be subject to an IPI measure. The IPI aims to encourage the opening of these protected markets.

欧洲议会国际贸易（INTA）委员会委员支持IPI总体目标，但对IPI设计、范围和成员国自由裁量权有所调整。

Trade MEPs backed the overall aim of the instrument, but they tweaked its design, scope, and member states’ discretionary powers in its application.

补救不平等准入措施，减少例外情况

INTA委员认为，欧委会可使用以下两种IPI措施“纠正”公共采购市场的不平等准入：调整受投资促进措施影响的公司的投标分数（但不影响中标者支付价格）；不允许该公司参与投标。

EU tools to remedy unequal access, with fewer exceptions

MEPs agreed to two types of IPI measures that the Commission can choose from to remedy unequal access to public procurement markets: adjusting the score of the bids put forward by companies subject to a IPI (without affecting the price to be paid by the successful bidder) or excluding the company from bidding.

此外，INTA把例外情况减少到两个：所有投标都来自受 IPI 措施约束的国家的公司；公共利益高于 IPI 考虑如在公共卫生或环境保护领域。另外，INTA议员们坚持要豁免来自最不发达国家及弱势发展中国家的公司。

In addition, the committee reduced to two the number of exceptions when contracting authorities can opt out from IPI measures: when all bids come from companies from countries subject to an IPI measure; and in cases where the public interest overrides IPI considerations, such as in areas of public health or environmental protection. Trade MEPs also insist on exempting companies from least developed countries and vulnerable developing countries.

INTA也把所有欧盟公共机构纳入IPP范畴，确保其在所有欧盟国家统一适用。

The Trade Committee also brought all European public contracting authorities under the scope of the IPI to ensure the uniform application in all EU countries.

更多投标者将受影响

More tenders affected

议员们同意就哪些采购程序须接受IPI措施设立不同门槛：价值超1000万欧元的工程和特许权，及价值超500万欧元的货物和服务。

MEPs agreed to establish different thresholds to determine which procurement procedures are subject to an IPI measure: those worth at least €10 million for works and concessions and €5 million for goods and services.

引语

报告撰写人丹尼尔-卡斯帕里说：“对IPI的投票向欧洲公司和第三国合作伙伴发出重要信号：缺乏公平的竞争环境状态已持续够久了。INTA委员会致力于确保欧洲投标人进入第三国公共采购市场的机会和第三国投标人进入欧盟市场一样。我们工作得很快，不到三个月内完成流程。欧洲议会将紧跟节奏以在2022年春季完成三方谈判。”

Quote

“The vote on the IPI is an important signal both to our European companies and to our partners in third countries: the lack of a level playing field has persisted for long enough. The Committee on Trade is committed to making sure that European bidders will have the same access to public procurement markets in third countries as third country bidders have in the EU. We have worked fast by completing our processes in less than three months. Parliament will keep up this pace with a view to concluding trilogue negotiations in spring 2022,” said rapporteur Daniel Caspary (EPP, DE).

下一步

此次通过的IPP报告草案将于1月在欧洲议会上投票，之后可开启欧盟机构间谈判。

Next steps

The adopted draft report will be tabled to a plenary vote in January, after which inter-institutional negotiations can start.

背景

欧盟已很大程度上向第三国竞争者开放其公共采购市场，并一直主张解除国际公共采购市场的保护主义措施。欧盟主要贸易伙伴对欧盟公司进入其公共采购市场有不同程度限制。

自2012年欧委会提出最初提案以来，欧洲议会一直就此展开工作，2016年提案有所修改。成员国于2021年6月就该议题达成一致。

Background

The EU has opened its public procurement markets to a significant degree to competitors from third countries and has been advocating for the end of protectionist measures on international public procurement markets. Major EU trading partners have different degrees of restrictions curbing EU companies’ access to their public procurement markets.

Parliament has been working on the file since the Commission original proposal in 2012, then modified in 2016. Member states only reached an agreement on the topic in June 2021.

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